Tribal, foreign and international law
How to cite tribal court opinions and tribal law
Cite a tribal court opinion or tribal code with the Nation’s name as the Nation gives it, the court or code, the citation the Nation’s own reporter or code uses, and the year.
Follow the Nation’s own citation form where it has one.
12 real examples
Each citation is printed as the book prints it, from an authority the book checked against its source.
Fort Defiance Hous. Corp. v. Lowe, 8 Nav. R. 463 (Nav. Sup. Ct. 2004).
- Case name
- Fort Defiance Hous. Corp. v. Lowe
- Volume, reporter and first page
- 8 Nav. R. 463
- Court and date
- (Nav. Sup. Ct. 2004)
The authority
- Fort Defiance Hous. Corp. v. Lowe (Nav. Sup. Ct., Apr. 12, 2004)Copy (static.case.law)Find it on CourtListener
Where the book teaches this
Navajo Nation v. Tso, 13 Am. Tribal Law 466 (Nav. Sup. Ct. 2016).
- Case name
- Navajo Nation v. Tso
- Volume, reporter and first page
- 13 Am. Tribal Law 466
- Court and date
- (Nav. Sup. Ct. 2016)
The authority
- Navajo Nation v. Tso (Nav. Sup. Ct., Oct. 25, 2016)Copy (static.case.law)Find it on CourtListener
Where the book teaches this
Colville Confederated Tribes v. Louis-Williams, 16 CCAR 10 (2023).
- Case name
- Colville Confederated Tribes v. Louis-Williams
- Volume, reporter and first page
- 16 CCAR 10
- Year
- (2023)
The authority
- Colville Confederated Tribes v. Louis-Williams (Colville Tribal Court of Appeals, June 1, 2023)Source (colvilletribes.com)
Where the book teaches this
Charles v. Swinomish Tribal Community, 22 NICS App. 1 (Swinomish Tribal Ct. App. 2024).
- Case name
- Charles v. Swinomish Tribal Community
- Volume, reporter and first page
- 22 NICS App. 1
- Court and date
- (Swinomish Tribal Ct. App. 2024)
The authority
- Charles v. Swinomish Tribal Community (Swinomish Tribal Ct. App., Jan. 3, 2024)Copy (narf.org)Find it on CourtListener
Cherokee Nation Const. art. VIII, § 1.
The authority
- Cherokee Nation Constitution, article VIII, section 1Source (cherokee.org)
Where the book teaches this
1 M.P.T.L. ch. 1 § 2(b).
- Title and code
- 1 M.P.T.L. ch. 1
- Section
- § 2
- Subsection
- (b)
The authority
- Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Laws, title 1, chapter 1, section 2Source (law.mptn-nsn.gov)
Where the book teaches this
M.P.R.C.P. 1(b).
The authority
- Mashantucket Pequot Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 1Source (law.mptn-nsn.gov)
Where the book teaches this
2 N.N.C. § 1 (2010).
- Title and code
- 2 N.N.C.
- Section
- § 1
- Edition year
- (2010)
The authority
- Navajo Nation Code, title 2, § 1 (Navajo Nation government establishment) (Dec. 15, 1989)Source (nnols.org)
Where the book teaches this
6 T.O.C. ch. 1, art. 1, § 1107(C).
- Name of the act
- 6 T.O.C. ch. 1
- Code
- art. 1
- Section
- § 1107
- Subsection
- (C)
The authority
- Tohono O’odham Code, title 6, chapter 1, article 1, § 1107 (Records; Publication of Opinions) (May 16, 2012)Source (tolc-nsn.org)
Where the book teaches this
Muscogee (Creek) Nation v. Wingate, No. SC-2024-08 (Muscogee (Creek) Nation Sup. Ct. June 4, 2025), https://www.creeksupremecourt.com/s/Doc-8-Order-and-Opinion-06042025.pdf.
- Case name
- Muscogee (Creek) Nation v. Wingate
- Docket number
- No. SC-2024-08
- Court and date
- (Muscogee (Creek) Nation Sup. Ct. June 4, 2025)
The authority
- Muscogee (Creek) Nation v. Wingate (Muscogee (Creek) Nation Sup. Ct., June 4, 2025)Source (creeksupremecourt.com)
Where the book teaches this
Allen v. Cherokee Nation Tribal Council, 6 Am. Tribal Law 18 (Cherokee Nation Jud. App. Trib. 2006).
- Case name
- Allen v. Cherokee Nation Tribal Council
- Volume, reporter and first page
- 6 Am. Tribal Law 18
- Court and date
- (Cherokee Nation Jud. App. Trib. 2006)
The authority
- Allen v. Cherokee Nation Tribal Council (Cherokee Nation Jud. App. Trib., Mar. 7, 2006)Copy (static.case.law)Find it on CourtListener
Where the book teaches this
Root v. Southern Ute Indian Tribe, 25 SWITCA Rep. 1 (2014).
- Case name
- Root v. Southern Ute Indian Tribe
- Volume, reporter and first page
- 25 SWITCA Rep. 1
- Year
- (2014)
The authority
- Root v. Southern Ute Indian Tribe (Southwest Intertribal Court of Appeals, Jan. 14, 2014)Copy (ailc-inc.org)Find it on CourtListener
Where the book teaches this
Where the book teaches this
The full rule, its exceptions and the reasons for it are in these sections.