Court opinions
Cite a Ninth Circuit opinion as case name, volume, reporter and first page, a pinpoint, and “(9th Cir. [year])”: the circuit and the year of decision.
The Federal Reporter prints the opinions of every circuit, so the parenthetical has to name the court.
The examples below use F.3d and F.4th.
Each citation is printed as the book prints it, from an authority the book checked against its source.
Cherry v. Wash. Dep’t of Fish & Wildlife, No. 25-4763 (9th Cir. Aug. 21, 2026).
The authority
Where the book teaches this
Animal Legal Def. Fund v. U.S. Dep’t of Agric., 935 F.3d 858 (9th Cir. 2019).
The authority
Where the book teaches this
Grant v. City of Long Beach, 96 F.4th 1255 (9th Cir. 2024).
The authority
Where the book teaches this
SEC v. Sripetch, 154 F.4th 980, 985 (9th Cir. 2025).
The authority
Where the book teaches this
Valame v. Trump, 157 F.4th 1172 (9th Cir. 2025) (per curiam).
The authority
Where the book teaches this
Youth 71Five Ministries v. Williams, No. 24-4101 (9th Cir. Aug. 18, 2025).
The authority
Where the book teaches this
Multiple Energy Techs., LLC v. Casden, No. 24-4691 (9th Cir. July 30, 2026).
The authority
Where the book teaches this