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Source type

94 forms

F001 · Opinions
Reported judicial opinion
[Case name], [volume] [reporter] [first page], [pinpoint] ([court] [year]).
Open example and explanation
F002 · Opinions
Court-assigned neutral citation
[Case name], [assigned decision identifier], ¶ [paragraph].
Open example and explanation
F003 · Opinions
Slip opinion
[Case name], No. [docket], slip op. at [page] ([court] [full date]).
Open example and explanation
F004 · Opinions
Electronic database opinion
[Case name], No. [docket], [database identifier], at *[star page] ([court] [date]).
Open example and explanation
F005 · Opinions
Unpublished disposition
[Case name], [source identifier], [pinpoint] ([court/date]) ([required status notation]).
Open example and explanation
F006 · Opinions
Summary order
[Case name], [permitted reporter or database citation], [pinpoint] ([court/date]) (summary order).
Open example and explanation
F007 · Opinions
Concurring opinion
[Case name], [full citation], [pinpoint] ([author], concurring).
Open example and explanation
F008 · Opinions
Dissenting opinion
[Case name], [full citation], [pinpoint] ([author], dissenting).
Open example and explanation
F009 · Opinions
Plurality passage
[Case name], [full citation], [pinpoint] (plurality opinion).
Open example and explanation
F010 · Opinions
Amended or superseding opinion
[Case name], [current source identifier], [pinpoint] ([court/date]) ([version description if material]).
Open example and explanation
F011 · Opinions
Order without published opinion
[Proceeding], No. [docket], [order title] at [page] ([court] [date]).
Open example and explanation
F012 · Opinions
Procedural history
[Primary case], [citation], [accurate history phrase], [later decision citation].
Open example and explanation
F013 · Opinions
Short case citation
[Distinctive short name], [volume] [reporter] at [pinpoint].
Open example and explanation
F014 · Opinions
Immediate reference
Id. at [new pinpoint].
Open example and explanation
F015 · Enactments
United States Constitution
U.S. Const. art. [article], § [section], cl. [clause].
Open example and explanation
F016 · Enactments
Constitutional amendment
[Jurisdiction] Const. amend. [number], § [section].
Open example and explanation
F017 · Enactments
Current federal code section
[Title] U.S.C. § [section] ([identified edition or version]).
Open example and explanation
F018 · Enactments
Multiple statutory provisions
[Title] [Code] §§ [first section], [other section] ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F019 · Enactments
Nested statutory subdivision
[Title] [Code] § [section](a)(2)(B)(iii) ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F020 · Enactments
Public law and Statutes at Large
[Act title], Pub. L. No. [Congress-law], § [section], [volume] Stat. [first page], [pinpoint] ([year]).
Open example and explanation
F021 · Enactments
Uncodified statutory provision
[Act identifier], § [section], [official publication and pinpoint] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F022 · Enactments
Historical code provision
[Title] [Code] § [section] ([historical edition]).
Open example and explanation
F023 · Enactments
State code provision
[State code title] § [section/subdivision] ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F024 · Enactments
State session law
[Act title], [year] [state session-law designation] ch. [chapter], § [section], [page].
Open example and explanation
F025 · Enactments
Municipal ordinance
[Municipality and state], Ordinance No. [number], § [section] ([adoption date]).
Open example and explanation
F026 · Enactments
Local code provision
[Municipality], [Code title] § [section] ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F027 · Legislative materials
Federal bill
[Bill title], [chamber designation] [number], [Congress], § [section] ([version/date]).
Open example and explanation
F028 · Legislative materials
Joint or concurrent resolution
[Resolution designation and number], [Congress/session], § [section] ([version/date]).
Open example and explanation
F029 · Legislative materials
Committee report
[Chamber] Rep. No. [number], at [page] ([year]).
Open example and explanation
F030 · Legislative materials
Congressional hearing
[Hearing title] Before [committee], [Congress] [page] ([year]) ([speaker and role if material]).
Open example and explanation
F031 · Legislative materials
Congressional Record
[volume] Cong. Rec. [edition-specific page] ([date]) ([speaker if material]).
Open example and explanation
F032 · Legislative materials
Committee print
[Committee], [Print title], [print identifier] at [page] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F033 · Legislative materials
Presidential document
[Document type and number], [publication identifier], [pinpoint] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F034 · Administrative materials
Annual CFR provision
[Title] C.F.R. § [section/subdivision] ([edition year]).
Open example and explanation
F035 · Administrative materials
eCFR historical version
[Title] C.F.R. § [section] (electronic version as of [date]).
Open example and explanation
F036 · Administrative materials
Final rule publication
[Rule title], [volume] Fed. Reg. [first page], [pinpoint] ([date]) ([codification if useful]).
Open example and explanation
F037 · Administrative materials
Proposed rule
[Proposal title], [volume] Fed. Reg. [page], [pinpoint] (proposed [date]).
Open example and explanation
F038 · Administrative materials
Agency notice
[Agency], [Notice title], [volume] Fed. Reg. [page], [pinpoint] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F039 · Administrative materials
Agency guidance or manual
[Agency], [Document title] § [section] ([version/date]), [URL].
Open example and explanation
F040 · Administrative materials
Administrative decision
[Proceeding], [decision or docket number], [publication and pinpoint] ([body/date]).
Open example and explanation
F041 · Administrative materials
Agency opinion letter
[Agency or official], [Letter identifier or subject], at [page] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F042 · Administrative materials
Patent or application publication
[Title], [country] Patent [or Publication] No. [number], [claim/column/line] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F043 · Court rules
National procedural rule
Fed. R. [rule system] [rule](subdivision).
Open example and explanation
F044 · Court rules
Statewide court rule
[State and rule system] [rule/subdivision] ([version if material]).
Open example and explanation
F045 · Court rules
Local court rule
[Court], Local Rule [number/subdivision] ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F046 · Court rules
Standing or individual order
[Court/judge], [Order or practice title] § [section] ([date]), [URL or docket].
Open example and explanation
F047 · Court rules
Case-specific scheduling order
[Order title] at [page], [case/docket/entry] ([court/date]).
Open example and explanation
F048 · Litigation records
Complaint allegation
Compl. ¶ [paragraph], [docket entry if needed].
Open example and explanation
F049 · Litigation records
Motion or memorandum
[Party's document title] at [page], [ECF entry] ([filing date]).
Open example and explanation
F050 · Litigation records
Declaration or affidavit
[Name] Decl. ¶ [paragraph], [entry/exhibit] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F051 · Litigation records
Deposition transcript
[Witness] Dep. [page]:[line]–[page]:[line] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F052 · Litigation records
Hearing or trial transcript
[Proceeding] Tr. [volume]:[page]:[lines] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F053 · Litigation records
Interrogatory response
[Party's] Resp. to Interrog. No. [number], at [page] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F054 · Litigation records
Request for admission response
[Party's] Resp. to Req. for Admis. No. [number] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F055 · Litigation records
Bates-stamped exhibit
[Exhibit designation], [Bates identifier or range].
Open example and explanation
F056 · Litigation records
Appellate appendix
[Required appendix designation] [volume]:[page].
Open example and explanation
F057 · Litigation records
Audio or video evidence
[Exhibit/recording identifier], at [hh:mm:ss–hh:mm:ss] ([version/date]).
Open example and explanation
F058 · Litigation records
Docket entry
[Case], No. [docket], docket entry [number] ([court/date]).
Open example and explanation
F059 · Transactions
Executed agreement
[Agreement title] § [section] ([parties/date]).
Open example and explanation
F060 · Transactions
Amendment to agreement
[Amendment title] § [section] ([date]) (amending [agreement]).
Open example and explanation
F061 · Transactions
Schedule or exhibit to agreement
[Agreement short name], sched. [label] § [section] ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F062 · Transactions
Securities filing exhibit
[Issuer], [filing type], ex. [number], [section/page] (filed [date]), [accession/URL].
Open example and explanation
F063 · Transactions
Corporate resolution or minutes
[Entity], [Resolution/minutes title] at [page] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F064 · Secondary works
Authored book
[Author], [Title] [pinpoint] ([edition] [year]).
Open example and explanation
F065 · Secondary works
Chapter in edited collection
[Chapter author], [Chapter title], in [Volume title] [first page], [pinpoint] ([editor], [year]).
Open example and explanation
F066 · Secondary works
Journal article
[Author], [Article title], [volume] [journal] [first page], [pinpoint] ([year]).
Open example and explanation
F067 · Secondary works
Article-number publication
[Author], [Title], [journal] [volume], art. [number], § [locator] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F068 · Secondary works
Preprint or working paper
[Author], [Title] [pinpoint] ([series/no., version date]), [repository/DOI].
Open example and explanation
F069 · Secondary works
Looseleaf or updated treatise
[Author], [Title] § [section] ([edition/release/update]).
Open example and explanation
F070 · Secondary works
Restatement provision
Restatement [series/title] § [section] [comment/illustration] ([edition/year]).
Open example and explanation
F071 · Secondary works
Uniform or model act
[Issuing body], [Act title] § [section] ([version/year]).
Open example and explanation
F072 · Secondary works
Legal encyclopedia or annotation
[Author if identified], [Entry/annotation title], [publication] § [section] ([version]).
Open example and explanation
F073 · Digital and data
Web page
[Author/organization], [Page title] ([publication/update date]), [URL] (accessed [date] if useful).
Open example and explanation
F074 · Digital and data
News report
[Author], [Article title], [publication] ([date]), [URL or page].
Open example and explanation
F075 · Digital and data
Social-media post
[Display name] ([account]), [post description] ([date/time]), [post URL/identifier].
Open example and explanation
F076 · Digital and data
Podcast or interview
[Speaker/creator], [Episode title], [series], at [timestamp] ([date]), [URL].
Open example and explanation
F077 · Digital and data
Dataset
[Creator], [Dataset title] ([version/snapshot]), [repository/identifier], [table/variable].
Open example and explanation
F078 · Digital and data
Spreadsheet analysis
[Analyst], [Workbook title] [sheet/cell or table] ([version/date]) (derived from [input]).
Open example and explanation
F079 · Digital and data
Software release
[Creator], [Software name] ([version/commit], [date]), [repository/release URL].
Open example and explanation
F080 · Digital and data
AI output as object of study
[System/model as identified], response to [prompt description] ([date]), [preserved record].
Open example and explanation
F081 · Digital and data
Archived web capture
[Original page identity], archived [capture date], [archive URL] (original [URL]).
Open example and explanation
F082 · International and Tribal
Treaty text
[Treaty title], [date], [official series/identifier], art. [article/paragraph].
Open example and explanation
F083 · International and Tribal
Treaty status record
[Depositary], [Treaty status record] ([as-of date]), [specific entry/URL].
Open example and explanation
F084 · International and Tribal
International judgment
[Proceeding], [tribunal/document identifier], ¶ [paragraph] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F085 · International and Tribal
International resolution
[Organization/body] Res. [number], [document symbol], ¶ [paragraph] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F086 · International and Tribal
Foreign judgment
[Original case title], [jurisdiction's assigned citation], [locator] ([court/date]).
Open example and explanation
F087 · International and Tribal
Foreign legislation
[Jurisdiction], [Instrument title/number], [division] ([version/date]).
Open example and explanation
F088 · International and Tribal
Translated legal source
[Original source citation] ([translator/translation source], [version/date]).
Open example and explanation
F089 · International and Tribal
Tribal code or enactment
[Nation], [Code/enactment title] § [section] ([version/date]).
Open example and explanation
F090 · International and Tribal
Tribal court decision
[Proceeding], [court-assigned identifier], [locator] ([nation/court/date]).
Open example and explanation
F091 · Archives and records
Archival item
[Creator], [Item description] ([date]), [collection/series/item], [repository].
Open example and explanation
F092 · Archives and records
Public-records production
[Agency], [Document title] at [locator], production [identifier] ([date]).
Open example and explanation
F093 · Archives and records
Historical compilation
[Compiler/author], [Compilation title] [volume/page] ([edition/year]).
Open example and explanation
F094 · Archives and records
Map or plan
[Creator], [Map/plan title], [sheet/revision] ([date]), [repository/identifier].
Open example and explanation

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