Court Citation Rules by State

For every state, the District of Columbia and the five inhabited territories: which rule sets the citation form of your filings; whether the court numbers its opinions, and since when; whether an official manual reaches your filing; and whether you may cite an unpublished opinion and, separately, how much it counts. Each row restates an official instrument as we read it on Oct. 14, 2026, in a copy saved from the court’s or legislature’s site; read the instrument itself, and check local rules.

• Status. Every row is a REQUIREMENT (an official instrument binds what it names, as the row says) unless marked conv, a CONVENTION: practice, no binding instrument. Each UNRESOLVED panel lists what our saved sources do not establish, not proof that none exists. Form, permission and weight stay separate (14.10).
• Dates. The date under the name is when the current text took effect; * means the source dates only the latest amendment; “date unresolved”, neither. A date in a row (“from July 1, 2009”) says which opinions or papers the rule reaches. Checked Oct. 14, 2026 unless a key says otherwise; †: read from an official copy saved earlier in October, when the site blocked a fresh download.